APHG Unit 1 (Basics and Maps)- CED Aligned Flashcards | Knowt (2024)

1.4- spatial (space)

relating to space and the position, size, shape, etc. of things in it
changes taking place in the spatial distribution of the population
the development of a child's spatial awareness (= the ability to judge the positions and sizes of objects)

1.1- Absolute Location

the precise point where a place is located on Earth
Ex: GPS Coordinates of a restaurant

1.1- Relative Location

where a place is located in relation to another place

1.2/1.3- geographic information system (GIS)

a computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data

1.4- place

specific human and physical characteristics of a location

1.7- region

a group of places on Earth with similar human and/or physical features

1.4- site

The characteristics of a place (immediate location), Ex: soil type, climate, labor force, human structures

1.4- situation

the location of a place relative to other places and its surroundings

1.4- toponym

place name

1.4- Time-Space Compression

the shrinking of time distance between locations because of improved methods of transportation

1.4- distance decay

decline of activity or function with increasing distance from its point of origin

1.5- human-environment interaction

connection and exchange between humans and the natural world

1.5- environmental determinism

the idea that human behavior and development is controlled by the physical environment

1.5- possibilism

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.

1.6- scale

the ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of those same things on a map

1.7- Formal region (or uniform or hom*ogeneous region)

An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

1.2/1.3- GPS (global positioning system)

a system that determines accurately the precise position of something on Earth through satellites, tracking stations, and receivers

1.2/1.3- remote sensing

process of gathering data about Earth from instruments far above the planet's surface

1.6- spatial analysis

The analysis of geographic data about a certain place.

1.4- friction of distance

when things are farther apart, they tend to be less well connected

1.1- distribution

The arrangement of something across Earth's surface.

1.2/1.3- spatial data

All of the information that can be tied to a specific locations.

1.6- Relative Scale (scale of analysis)

the amount of territory that a map represents ex: global scale means the entire planet

1.1- Reference Maps

Maps designed for people to refer to for general information about places

1.1- political map

A map that shows man-made features such as boundaries, countries, and cities.

1.1- physical map

a map that shows natural features such as mountains, rivers and deserts

1.1- choropleth map (thematic)

uses various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of data

1.1- thematic map

a map that shows a particular theme, or topic ex: choropleth, dot distribution, graduated symbol, isoline

1.1- Dot Distribution Map

A map where dots are used to demonstrate the frequency or intensity of a particular phenomena

1.1- Isoline Map

A thematic map with lines that connect points of equal value.

1.1- Cartogram Map (Thematic Map)

the sizes of countries are shown to some specific statistic

1.1- Mercator Projection

an equal - area projection, preserves direction but distorts areas of landmasses relative to each other (areas become large @ high latitudes, near the poles)EX: used especially for marine charts and certain climatological maps.

1.1- Peters Projection

focuses on keeping landmasses equal in area. As a result, the shapes are distorted, and the map looks unfamiliar to viewers

1.1- Robinson Projection

Projection that attempts to balance several possible projection errors. It does not maintain completely accurate area, shape, distance, or direction, but it minimizes errors in each.

1.1- graduated symbol map

A map with symbols that change in size according to the value of the attribute they represent.

1.4- Placelessness

the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next ex: Walmart- everyone of them looks the same

1.1- absolute direction

Based on the cardinal points of North, South, East, and West. These appear uniformly and independently in all cultures, derived from obvious givens of nature

1.1- absolute distance

Exact measurement of the physical space between two places.

1.1- relative distance

Approximate measurement of the physical space between two places.

1.2/1.3- satellite navigation systems

Portable device that uses GPS to plot the user's position.

1.7- Functional Region (Nodal Region)

An area organized around a node or focal point and are defined by an activity that occurs across the region. Ex: Pizza delivery areas - the pizza shop is the node

1.1- map projection

a way of representing the spherical Earth on a flat surface

1.7- Perceptual Region (Vernacular)

an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

1.1- Density (geographic)

the number of things—which could be people, animals, plants, or objects—in a certain area.

1.1- Arithmetic Density

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

1.1- Concentration

The spread of something over a given area.

1.1- dispersed concentration

when the objects in an area are relatively far apart

1.1- clustered concentration

If the objects in an area are close together

1.1- pattern

The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area.

1.2/1.3-geospatial technology

refers to equipment used in visualization, measurement, and analysis of earth's features, typically involving such systems as GPS (global positioning systems), GIS (geographical information systems), and RS (remote sensing).

1.4- Globalization

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

1.6- large scale map

Maps that cover smaller areas with greater detail

1.6- small scale map

Shows fewer details, and focuses on a larger area (region, world)

1.1- map scale

The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.

1.6- Geographic Scale

The scale at which a geographer analyzes a particular phenomenon, for example: global, national, census tract, neighborhood, etc. Generally, the finer the scale of analysis, the richer the level of detail in the findings.

1.7- subregion

A smaller division of a geographic region.

1.1- Quantitative data

numerical data

1.1 Qualitative Data

Information describing color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic

1.6- Scale of Analysis

how zoomed in or out you are when looking at geographic data- global, regional, national, local